First Lecture

In class on Wednesday, we had our first lecture on beginning to become familiar with acids and bases. We first learned some of the generic properties of each an acid and a base. These properties will help distinguish between the two when we have to solve some problems.

http://www.solpass.org/6-8Science/8s/images/acid-base_properties-small.png

Some things to keep in mind are when group 2 metals break apart, they release twice as much OH-, and group 1 and 2 create strong bases with OH-
The first types of acids and bases we talked about were Arrhenius, where the acids produce hydrogen ions in a solution, and bases produce hydroxide ions in a solution. Depending on what they are reacting with, the compound will break apart and the hydrogen or hydroxide concentration will in turn increase. This will depend on what is being dissolved. Something else to remember is that water is an amphoteric substance, which means that it can be an acid or a base.

pH scale for acids and bases:
0-6.9 acidic
7.0 neutral
7.1-14 basic

The next type we learned about was Bronsted- Lowery acids and bases. In this type, the acids will donate a proton (H+) and the bases will accept a proton. In these, there are also conjugate acids and bases, where acids will produce a conjugate base, and vice versa. Here is how this works:

http://study.com/cimages/multimages/16/bronstedlowryexample2complete.png

Here are some other links for this topic:
http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/bronsted/bronsted.htmlhttp://www.qldscienceteachers.com/junior-science/chemistry/acids-and-bases